ձ ձ ձ ߿?---- ұ iœ ұ ` ; ; ™L--- ұ Ž ұ ™L ձ - , ұ › ձ ձ ձ ձ ߱ DZ--- S h ұ ɿMQ ŠӿǼ Š y S ձ--- ձ ձ տ Sϼ , w w ұ MԿM ձ| › ww ɿˆ ұ U U S , U ұ , j ձ ұ ձj տ S ĿM߿ ߿ ----- S, ---- w • , , — ﱿ ձ Կ† Ǽ ұ ! ?- ` ձ&B ߿? ™L ұ ! - ɱl 㱿 , , M ձ, ձ} ! տ S ձ ձ----߱ - ߱ -- { --ť -- iտ S ; ձ ߿ ?• › ߱h ™LM— ձ ձ} ! ™LM f - ™ h™L -- ձ › ---㱼 f - w ұ տ S ձ ձϼ ߱j ձϼ ձ i Ǧš ߿? , Φ†˜ š ɿM , ߿? iœ ձ --1904 㱿 ұ Ž ɿM ұiœS ܝ - Z, ѦԨ M߱ S j ` ұ ձM - ձ ߿Ž ձ-S ձ ſ - ѦԨ ›/ iœM ұ ߱ M ߱ ձ} f ߱ ձ -- ߱ ձϼ s x ߱ձ T ™ ձ ձ - ›/ j 㱿 ŽS ߱ ұ S ձ S - h ›Ͽ S ›߱ ߱™Lf - ߿ --- › ӿ߱ * Mš › ݼ ձ 㱿 +, Š - › Ž -- ұ f ձ › ϼ ձ w DZ ձ ----ձ ұ i ` i Ѧ,`‹ , M ߱™L / h M / h M ` ӿ߱ •ӿ߱ . . ձ › `, S . › ›߱ 1381, l ^ 1403— XԿ ձ Ũ S ߱ ձ , - ձ Ν ұ B / :ձ ұ ɿMQ #; ұ ›ϼ + * ձ › ɿMQ ձj ұ 1920 -21 ձ ߱ B ɱ | S › S, c h ߱ ϼ - c , Ũ ձ 1919 f ߿ MԐ S ߱ ձ߱Ž V ձ ߿ f ձ߱Ž M ձ ߱ ›ɱ S ձ ձh f › |X ձ ձ h , Ũ Sտ S › - ձ ߱Bi f Ml ձ ұ S ™L B ›߱ ߿ ɱ + S š 1918 S f Ž ߱-߿ұ ߱ h ձϼ › ſ ձh ɱh Ͽ߱g ձ᱿šŽ ɱ ™L ™L ɱ. ɱ ձ᱿™ Ž - ձ᱿™ ձ{ ļ } ŽſŽ, ձſ i ձ{ ձ᱿™߿ › ձſ Ω†˜ ɱ Ž - Ѧ q h, Ν i›™L ɱ ɱ ձ߱ Ž hԿ: ɱ Ͽ 1927 - ߱ 1929 ұ ձ ձ{ Ž B ߱ ߱ Ž - Ѧ g † ſ ձ ұ - Ѧš c ɱ ұh ߱ ߱ c - ߱ ›M ɱ y - ߱ Ž- ›‡ߦԿ DZ ߿ › X ߱ DZ › ձ Z DZ ›, › S q ձ DZ UŒ Ž -›‡ ߿ ԿM 1929 DZ , › DZ ɱ ߱ h DZ ɱ -. . 1932 ұ --- x • The origin of the Khozhas and their religious lifeto day 1932-ۼ ձ ™L &Q ߿š տ߱ ձ › Z X DZ ұ ߿ › ӿ DZ i = • — ұ ߿ › DZ ѦԿ - ߿ ߱ ұɱ , ձ ձ › ձ DZ ձ 1932 Š ߱ 1934-ձ DZ ɱ ұ f ---- , --- ſ ɱ ұ ձ ձ߱ Š ұ ձ ߱ ձ-ձ ɱ ߱ h ձ / տ S ұ ߱ ձW ձ, ߱ = ѦԨ տS ɱˆ w œɼ ߱h ձ-ձ ɱ * ձ ` ɿMQ ұձLa 汿 ձ ұ ɱŽ M ձ , ߱ ձ ߱߱ ձ & ߿ q ߱ ߱ › ձ ұ g ձ ձ ߱ұ ߱ S™L ձŽ { ձ ұ / ߱ / ձ &h Ž + ߱ 1949 c › ߦš†˜ › ұ › ›i ™†˜ ߿ ſ™߱ › ›-Ž 1951 / ұ , Q ձ ™LſŽ ŽS B ߱ ߱ ұ S ſŽ ›‡ ұ ߱ ұ ձ › ߱ ѦԨ • Cultural Relation — S鱿 › ` ˆ- տDZ S { / M ™L ձ ™L DZ ɱ q ѦԨ ɱ M ձ ߱ ձ q ſ œ S߱ 1935 Ž ߿›g ›߱ y ұ › Կ† ձ ^n ұ ›g & ɼ Z տ Q ұ B ™ & ߱ S ձLa ұ ߱ ձ ձjS߱ ұ j™ ˆ` S߱ 1948 S߱ - q / / › ` U ձ Ɀ y › `, տ Կ†, ŽŽ - M ™L - ұ M › ౼ c & La, ɿS › & ߱ǩ† › y ұ Š ձ › S , ұ w ߱ ձ ɱձ + ұ & / , MW,- ձ |n Ν ߱ɼ › ұ , ұ , , Bi ұ DZ ɱ, ɱ , -{ - ɱ›I f - ѦԨ ұ ߱ ߿ --- -ѦԨ w- & - , ,- ɱ & ձ - ߿ Š Ͽ Š ߱ ұ -, , - ɱ ɱ =La - h U ѿ|, + - Ž ߱ ǩ† ұ Š ™L, - h, ŏ ձ ұ ߱ ߿ --- S ߿ ›g , ұ y ſ -- ߱ h ߱ Ž 㱿 h - ձ =La ? ձ ұ ߿ S ౿ U ౿ ›/ ߿ ߿ ߱ ߱ q--- ձϼ › ߱ ---߱ yտ M † ߿ ? ߱ ߱ 㱿 ձ, ձ ? ߱ ձ M ߱ ұ ߱ Ν , ™- g› , ™L Ǽ ձ s Ν , ձ™LDZ ɱ ձ B : Ž ձ + ձ ɿM ձ , ձ l ™L ұ ™ --- Ͽ, Ͽ, Ͽ, Ͽ, Ͽ ձ+Ͽ---- Ν ұ › -ұ , ұ ߱ DZ ˆK DZ v , ұ - ձD , ձ ,› DZ S ›B - c S ձ™L†˜ ձ s ߿ ձ & › ſ ſ X X DZ ZX DZ ձ տB ? ߱ ɱM - j-ɱ S & 䱿S & ձ s †˜ ™ , ™ ߱,™ w™L s ڱ, , y - ,ձRǦ †˜ ɱ - & ձ › †La S S › DZ Q DZ ǿ ձſ q M, q w› ұh s ұ ұ / , ™, ,䱿, Œ, ᱿g, ߱, ձ, - , ,ɱ` | sϼ DZ, , ձ, Žտ‡ › - ߱, ұ Ž , Z X ձ DZ ұ - ߱ ? ౼ , /ſ- , ձ › DZ 1929 ˆs --- DZ 1932 -, 1933 DZ ɱk 1934 ձ DZ ձ --- ſ ձ 1938 ұ DZ X DZ ߱ i ɿM š տ: + šQ ! ձ ---X S ұ ߱ - ›X ɿM ձ ձ ձ` , ,ձ , f ɱ h g ձ U g, U U œԿ, U Lš ձϿ ߱ ձ / ™LŽ y c U › Lš i ѦԨ ձ} † 㱿 ұ 榤 S Ž ձ ౿ ձ 㱿 › ɱˆ , ɱ M h † ұ M, ™L Ž - La , La ұ ձ--- 1940 ߿ f M---- › q 䱿ΦB ڱŽ, ›, -ɿMQ œ ձ|, ɱ ߱ j ձ ߿ ? s †˜š + iœ › ߱ ձϼ -Lš ߿ › 1947 ›߱ ˆ ‡ = ѿS ߱ ߱ › Žl ™& ձRɱ ձ , c g ձRɱ c ™L ɱ X߱ &l B ߱ - / ұ ұ ---- , ұſ, ߱ ߱ ›,ұ P--- / y ұ › › ›߱ ձ Ɀ - Lš ˆ ձ ౿ c ɱ-- / ߱ X ߱ 1955 ſM /ϼ ұ ұ 榤 ɱ 榤 ұ Կ & ߱ ձ ߱ ұ † ձ ɼ ձ ұ ߿ Ž, š ұ ձ š ߿ S S ɱɱ ----- 1933- ɱ 1934-ǿ ›K ` ձ BS DZK ձ ߱ 1938- տ†˜ •ұ ձ iœӿ — M ›Iץ ߱ΝDZ - = ™L / ` 䥤 k = ұ - ߱Ν = h ›:X ߱߿ - 䥤 ߱ --- S 1939- ` › M ` ߱ ߿ ɱ ‚ ұ Sn ™/ ſM ` i . Ž h ձ ౿B Ž ™L ɱ` k i ɱ Ž S › Ŧš ™Ω ұ ձR› S ,DZ 汿 |‡ ---™ Bi iœM La - ұ ɱ Ͽ ---- ! ұ™ տ ›` ձ ұ S - ձ --- ձ& h ߱ _, ߱ ұ ,䱿 --- ›™L ձ ›™L ™L ſ ձy , ձy ߱ ձ ұ ɱ ߱ ұ , ұ ұ , ұ X > ™ , ɱΥ, ߱ ұ B ǿ B ձ - T™ , ߱ K ұ ұh,Ž™L X h DZ ` `` › 䱿 hB ձ B--- ձ ձ ձ ձ & ‹ ձ ұ߿ Ž + c -Ž ձϼ † ›Կš զ Ž ұ ұ š ձ ұ ɿM - Q h ձ ߱ ߱ / ߱ ߱߱ ұ ձ Ž ձ---- ߱Ž߱ --- ߱ ™L , ձŽ տ --- ߱ M տ ձ & M c ձ Φš Ž ‚ ߱߱ M E › Ν & R . & տ Š ߿ɱ & , U ɱ ձ , ›Կ™ Ŧš , ɿ ›Կ › › M ɿ , M ұ h ұ M, h ձ &† ™L iœ j ߱ |‡Q h , ߱ ix i x ɱ , ſ Sn ›Ž , ɱ › B ձR ›ԿM--- iœMŽ ձRɱ ձ Sn S ձ߱ Sn , / ձ DZ c wŽ ձ Sn ౿ ߱, f, --- h ұ -La ձM 汿 ---- X DZ汿 ձ h ? ұ ? ----X DZ ߱ ձ ұ տ߱ La c ձ ձ 䱿 †DZ / & ұh ߿ h -DZ ߿= š ձ ™ ߱ š ձ --- ұ / † DZ 汿iœM h › ձ ? ձRɱտ› c 汿 T ձ ߱--- 㱿 ߱ Z X i™L ? ձ , ߱ , l = `---- ߿j ձ --- ! ɱ S M ձϼ ™L 㱿 c h ձ h ™L ձ 汿 T ձ › ߱ ձ ! - ձ Z X S M - SDZ ? ձ Ν տ ձ ›Ž ձ ›ɱ ձ - ɱ › ߱` h DZ ߱- Š& DZ ` - ™L߿ ſ^ ߿ s ձΝ ߿ , ɿ † h& ұ ҿ ձ , &ҿh ձ › › ſ߱ 䱿 ™LX › Sɿ †˜M ԿX h , U տ߱ ձ MԿX ›ձ߱Ž hh ձ ձ Ν ձ h ձ ұ - ұ Ǽ
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